NXP iMX8基于Ycoto Project编译ROS2_iMX8_ROS

NXP iMX8基于Ycoto Project编译ROS2

2021/4/23 15:09:27

1). 简介

基于类似NXP iMX8这样性能强劲的ARM平台处理器，越来越多的工业智能/机器人应用比如AGV/AMR产品控制器在ARM平台上面实现，在这个过程中不可避免的就涉及到将机器人应用开发框架移植到ARM平台来运行，因此本文就着重示例基于Ycoto Project/Openembedded环境，将ROS（Robot Operating System）编译集成到嵌入式Linux中运行。

ROS是一种为机器人应用设计的分布式处理框架，集成了大量相关库和工具，目的是为了提高机器人应用开发时代码复用率, 目前ROS已经发展到ROS2，这里就演示将ROS2最新版本Foxy集成到iMX8 Linux BSP中。

本文的演示的平台来自于Toradex Apalis iMX8 ARM嵌入式平台，这是一个基于NXP iMX8QM ARM处理器，支持Cortex-A72+A53和Coretex-M4架构的计算机模块平台。

2). 准备

a). Apalis iMX8QM 4GB WB IT ARM核心版配合Ioxra 载板，连接调试串口UART1（载板X22）到开发主机方便调试。

3). Apalis iMX8 Ycoto Linux 集成ROS2编译环境配置和部署

a). Apalis iMX8 Ycoto Linux 通过Ycoto/Openembedded 框架编译，具体的配置方法请参考这里，首先下载好针对Apalis iMX8适用的基于Ycoto Dunfeil版本的BSP 5.x.y编译环境。

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$ repo init -u https://git.toradex.com/toradex-manifest.git -b dunfell-5.x.y -m tdxref/default.xml

$ repo sync

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b). 下载meta-ros 和meta-python2 layer到上面下载好的ycoto环境

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$ cd …/oe-core/layers/

### fetch meta-ros layer

$ git clone -b dunfell https://github.com/ros/meta-ros.git

### fetch meta-phthon2 layer

$ git clone -b dunfell https://github.com/YoeDistro/meta-python2.git

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c). 配置编译环境，添加编译ROS2 Foxy版本需要的相关layer，由于目前ycoto 编译ROS还无法支持图形界面相关，因此也要在编译环境中将相关的package排除出去。

./ 添加环境变量

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### generate init env

$ cd …/oe-core/

$ source export

### add new env

$ export ROS_OE_RELEASE_SERIES="dunfell"

### make new env valid with bitbake

$ export BB_ENV_EXTRAWHITE="$BB_ENV_EXTRAWHITE ROS_OE_RELEASE_SERIES"

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./ 修改 build/conf/bblayers.conf 文件

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${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale-distro \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-demos \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-qt5 \

+ ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-python2 \

+ ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy \

+ ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2 \

+ ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros-common \

+ ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros-backports-gatesgarth \

${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-distro \

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./ 修改 build/conf/local.conf 文件

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### modify machine setting to apalis imx8

MACHINE ?= "apalis-imx8"

### add ros-core only or ros-world packagegroup for all ros2-foxy packages

IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " packagegroup-ros-world"

### blacklist below packages which currently not supported in ycoto compilation

### detailed impact package refer to \ /layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy/conf/ros-distro/include/foxy/ros-distro-recipe-blacklist.inc and \ layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy/recipes-core/packagegroups/packagegroup-ros-world-foxy.bb files

ROS_WORLD_SKIP_GROUPS = " opengl qt5 qt5-widgets pyqt5 qt-gui-cpp x11 ffmpeg webots-python-modules java libomp connext gazebo coinor-libipopt gurumdds ignition doosan-robot2 clang launch pugixml lanelet2-traffic-rules mongodb kobuki-ftdi ros1"

### define package graphviz version

PREFERRED_VERSION_graphviz = "2.40.1%"

### accept freescale EULA license

ACCEPT_FSL_EULA = "1"

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./ 修改 layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy/recipes-bbappends/osqp-vendor/osqp-vendor_0.0.2-1.bbappend 文件修复当前版本中的bug

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-SRCREV_osqp = "c536acf012d071eed3529e0147afdd419348362a"

+SRCREV_osqp = "36ad83aed022e714c2fda1f13138443150435994"

SRCREV_qdldl = "12d56ee6b9494efee1da1e1dc6e7ac9c226f9ccf"

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d). 编译image和SDK

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# compile Reference-Minimal image

$ bitbake bitbake tdx-reference-minimal-image

# compile Reference-Multimedia image

$ bitbake bitbake tdx-reference-multimedia-image

# compile SDK

bitbake tdx-reference-multimedia-image -c populate_sdk

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e). Ycoto Linux image部署

参考这里通过Toradex Easy installer将上面编译好的image更新部署到模块，目前最新季度发布版本为Ycoto Linux V5.2，这里使用Reference-Minimal BSP image进行测试

4). ROS2 Foxy测试

a). 修改ROS初始化相关脚本权限，增加执行权限

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root@apalis-imx8:~# chmod +x /etc/profile.d/ros/*

root@apalis-imx8:~# ls -al /etc/profile.d/ros/setup.sh

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4372 Mar 9 2018 /etc/profile.d/ros/setup.sh

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b). 通过下面命令进行ROS2 Foxy简单测试

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### check network connection

root@apalis-imx8:~# ping lge.com

### source setup script to export env

root@apalis-imx8:~# source /usr/bin/ros_setup.sh

### ros topic print

root@apalis-imx8:~# ros2 topic list

/parameter_events

/rosout

### ros interface print

root@apalis-imx8:~# ros2 interface list -m

……

### test

root@apalis-imx8:~# (sleep 5; ros2 topic pub /chatter std_msgs/String "data: Hello world") &

[1] 826

root@apalis-imx8:~# ros2 topic echo /chatter

publisher: beginning loop

publishing #1: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')

publishing #2: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')

publishing #3: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')

publishing #4: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')

data: Hello world

---

publishing #5: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')

data: Hello world

……

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5). 总结

本文基于NXP iMX8嵌入式平台演示了通过Ycoto Project/Openembedded框架将ROS2 Foxy集成到嵌入式Linux BSP中，目前meta-ros layer除了Foxy，还支持ROS1 melodic，ROS1 noetic，ROS2 dashing，ROS2 eloquent，其他ROS版本可以自行根据所需要的layer不同而适应修改后编译。